From green workforce to green supply networks: A systematic review of green HRM and green supply chain management practices driving sustainability in India

Abstract

This systematic literature review examines the integration of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) and Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices in Indian firms, focusing on their contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Employing a structured methodology, the review synthesises findings from academic databases, including Scopus, covering research articles and reports published between 2014 and 2024. The analysis reveals that GHRM initiatives, such as environmentally focused recruitment and employee development programs, effectively cultivate an organisational culture oriented toward environmental responsibility, while GSCM practices, notably sustainable procurement and waste minimisation strategies, significantly advance environmental sustainability objectives. Collectively, these practices demonstrate substantial positive impacts on specific SDGs, including Climate Action (SDG 13), Responsible Consumption and Production (SDG 12), and Decent Work and Economic Growth (SDG 8). The review also identifies persistent barriers to widespread implementation, notably financial limitations, ambiguous regulatory frameworks, organisational resistance to change, and deficiencies in robust sustainability performance measurement. To address these challenges, the study advances strategic frameworks alongside policy recommendations aimed at stimulating and institutionalising sustainability oriented initiatives within Indian enterprises. This review contributes to the literature by exploring the synergistic potential of integrating Green Human Resource Management and Green Supply Chain Management practices, thereby advancing broader sustainability objectives aligned with global development frameworks.